What will happen vs what should happen with Government Warrantless Essay

What will happen vs what should happen with Government Warrantless Surveillance - Essay Example Warrantless Surveillance will continue to be a mode of operation by the Federal Government. Things will continue to go pretty much as they have since 2001. There will continue to be court cases which will challenge the right of the government to engage in what some would call an illegal operation. It is hard to argue against the security of our nation as being a reason for this action. Some people will continue to distrust the government and their reasons for gathering certain information and tapping foreign phone calls. When looking at utopia, our country would not need to gather this information because everyone would be doing what is expected of them and not out to harm their neighbor. The government would function as an arm of the people, providing for the common good of all Americans. The court system would be engaged in the enforcement of our laws and not arguing about what is constitutional or unconstitutional. A sad thing that would happen with the disappearance of warrantless surveillance, people would lose their job. The news shows on television would have to find something else to discuss and Senators Kerry and McCain would begin addressing more pressing

The Bob Knowlton Case Study Essay Example for Free

The Bob Knowlton Case Study Essay Summary Bob Knowlton is the head of the Photon Lab when a new member, Simon Fester, was introduced to his lab. He begins to feel inferior to his new member and feels that he cannot voice his concerns to his superior, Dr. Jerold. After a period of events and insecurities, he finds a better position with more salary and takes the job immediately. Dr, Jerrold and Fester were shocked by Knowlton’s decision. The lab took a large hit as Fester went on to work on another project as planned. No one knew that Knowlton wanted to leave as he did so very suddenly citing fictional personal problems. Analyze the roles of those involved The main characters in the Bob Knowlton case were: Bob Knowlton the team leader of Photon Lab collaborative team leader hard working man confidence easily wavered by insecurities does not voice out problems Dr. Jerrold the supervisor of Bob Knowlton and his team has very high expectations of those working under her not observant no instinctual perception Simon Fester a new comer to the company and Photon Lab confident aggressive competitive opportunist highly intelligent non paticipative Discuss the reasons as to why what happened happened. The bringing in the newcomer: Bob Knowlton was threatened by the newcomer that was not properly introduced to him Fester just showed up without warning and began looking into things Dr. Jerold did not introduce Fester did not even for mention or hint at Knowlton for possibly having someone new join his team Simon Fester lacked tact and the human touch was too confident and arrogant to accept the way people do things and embrace it The communication breakdown: Bob Knowlton did not voice his queries or insecurities simply assumed that Fester was there to replace him did not consider speaking to his supervisor regarding his problem and started looking for another job instead Dr. Jerold did not indicate that Festers place in Knowltons team was temporary did not give earlier warning regarding Festers transfer to another project did not make any intentions of caring for Knowltons well being Simon Fester too much of an opportunist to work in a team with others did not heed the advice of whom was rightfully his team leader remained individualistic and closed off to the team until he left to work for another project Consider the personalities involved, especially those of Knowlton and Fester, and the organizational characteristics. Bob Knowlton was more of an introvert. He did not share his feelings,opinions and conflicts with his team mates, Fester or Jerold. He lacked also lacked of strong of communication skills. He did not know how to voice his concerns to Jerold or properly inform an guide Fester on his responsibilities in the team, which lead to Fester doing his own thing most of the time, without consulting with others. Simon Fester on the other hand was someone very self involved and confident. He had no qualms speaking openly of his ideas and what he wanted to do. Fester was also aggressive in his approach. He did not care for group work and was more individualistic, even to the point of making others feel inferior. Organizational characteristic: Work Group Knowlton had regular morning meetings with his members as a way to keep up to date of what was going on in the project, and discuss problems faced. However, Fester took over some of these meetings plastering himself as the team leader, and spear heading discussions, undermining Knowltons authority and the intelligence of the team at many an occasion. Open System Jerrold and Knowlton shared a mostly open relationship, Knowlton even mentioned that he enjoyed Jerold coming over to talk to him at the end of  the day. However, Knowlton did not share his problems with his superior when he had the chance of voicing them; mainly when he felt threatened by Fester’s place in the team. Imagine yourself in the position of Dr. Jerrold at the end of the case, reflecting back over the events. Is there anything you could have done, on the basis of what you knew or could have known at the time, that would have led to a more favorable outcome? State your reasoning. Dr.Jerrold could have utilized a better interpersonal communication skill. Had she made clear that she was going to hire Simon Fester and taken into consideration Bob Knowltons personality, explaining her intentions to train him to lead another project, things might have worked out very differently. Knowlton could have been less insecure regarding his position and would probably been more willing to overlook Festers lone ranger tendencies. Had Dr. Jerrold utilized interpersonal communication with Simon Fester as well, ensuring that Fester should try to work under the conditions laid out by his team leader, Fester might have better understood where he stood within the team and made more of an effort to be a team player as intelligent or talented as he may be. Dr. Jerrold could have also been more involved with the meetings, and taken an initiative to ensure that all employees were happy and satisfied.

Sophocles Antigone - Sophocles and Antigone :: Antigone essays

Sophocles and Antigone    Sophocles is an ancient Greek writer and philosopher, who wrote one of the greatest stories of all time Antigone.   Sophocles is also said to be one of the greatest minds in the ancient world. This paper talks about Antigone, achievements and times of Sophocles.      Ã‚  Ã‚   Sophocles was born about 496 BC at Colonus in Attica, near Athens and died 406 BC.   He lived in the most brilliant intellectual period of Athens.   Sophillus, his father, was a wealth Athenian citizen and gave him a sound education in music, gymnastics, and dancing.   He was well known as having a reputation for learning and esthetic taste.   He was well versed in Homer and the Greek lyric poets, and because of his industriousness he was known as the â€Å"Attic Bee† (Rexine 132).   â€Å"Do to his youthful beauty, he was chosen to lead the chorus in the Paen of Thanksgiving for the naval victory at Salamis in 480 BC.† (Rexine 132)      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Sophocles’ long life he several times held public office, partly do to his fame as a dramatist and his gentle qualities as a man.   â€Å"In 440 BC he was appointed one of the generals in the war which Pericles led against Samos, and in 413 BC.† (Magill, Kohler p# 1023)   He was also one of the ten commissioners appointed after the failure of the expedition to Sicily, to govern Athens.   Pericles once said to him â€Å"you know how to write poetry, but you certainly don’t know how to command an army† (Internet)      Ã‚  Ã‚   Sophocles first won first prize, in a competition with Aeschylus, on 468 BC at the age of twenty-eight.   During his career he never won less than second prize and gained first prize twenty times, more than any other Greek tragedian.   Sophocles wrote more than 120 tragedies, only a mear seven have survived.   â€Å"Plutarch tells us that there were three periods in Sophocles’s literary development: imitation of the grand style of Aeschylus, use of artificial and incisive style, and use of the best style and that which is most expressive of character.   It is only from the third period we have examples of.†Ã‚   (Rexine p#134)      Ã‚  Ã‚   The seven tragedies that survive are Ajax 447 BC, Antigone 442/441 BC, Oedipus at Colonus 401 BC, Tracheniae 437-432 BC, Oedipus Rex 429 BC, Electra 418-414 BC.

Gatekeeping Survives the Modern Age

A Master of Science in Communication Studies has finally become the heir apparent to an idea I’ve had for many years. Getting a graduate degree was always something I thought worthwhile, but the field of study was not so obvious. I did not want to put forth the time, effort and money without a clear idea of why to choose a particular subject, and then how to put it to good use. My first career as a weekly newspaper reporter was wonderful.Fresh out of college, but with a speech communication major (because that sounded like fun and could get me out of school in four years) I learned the newspaper business from a gentle man in a small town. Because writing is my first love, I was able to easily put information into a readable format. The rest of the responsibilities – interviewing, researching, proofreading, editing, layout, paste-up, photography, developing film and printing pictures, I picked up on the job. I was young and single, then young and married, and life was go od. It got better with children, so I put the newspaper business aside.As a few friends earned their Master’s Degrees, I was envious but not compelled. English and writing were options, but didn’t appear sensible unless I taught high school or contacted New York for literary work (no small feat in those pre-technology days). I was not interested in either. Life with kids was busy and they were the priority for my time. Two decades later I resumed where I had left off. I was ready to work for pay again and fell into the perfect job as a weekly newspaper reporter. It has been a growing experience as I brushed up on and fine-tuned my skills.I dove into controversial issues as well as the mundane, and for the last four years have recorded the news of a very active community. From this has grown the idea that a master’s is the next logical step. I love to learn, as I have from every story written for the newspaper. I am interested in studying the media from ‘th e big picture’ and associating with fellow mass communication enthusiasts. There are particular aspects of the degree I will pursue because it may be the only way to learn computerized techniques useful in the field.Most of my kids are no longer home to teach me that. For my final years of employment I would like to work with a company or non-profit organization, or teach at a junior college. I plan to stay with my perfect job until my last child is out of high school. Then I may be ready for a job with set hours. I’m quite sure that one year at a respectable salary will reimburse the cost of the master’s tuition, compared to a reporter’s wage. At any rate, I am always up for an adventure, and have been excited since deciding to further my education. Pat Fridgen

Japanese Hrm Essay

International Journal of Human Resource Management, Human Resource Management Journal, Organizational Dynamics and Asian Business and Management. In 2005 he co-edited a book entitled â€Å"Japanese Management: The Search for a New Balance between Continuity and Change† with Palgrave. Anne-Wil Harzing is Professor in International Management at the University of Melbourne, Australia. Her research interests include international HRM, expatriate management, HQsubsidiary relationships, cross-cultural management and the role of language in international business. She has published about these topics in journals such as Journal of International Business Studies, Journal of Organizational Behaviour, Strategic Management Journal, Human Resource Management, and Organization Studies. Her books include Managing the Multinationals (Edward Elgar, 1999) and International Human Resource Management (Sage, 2010). Since 1999 she also maintains an extensive website (www. harzing. com) with resources for international and cross-cultural management as well as academic publishing and bibliometrics. Abstract The objective of this chapter is to develop suggestions as to how Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs) might best make use of foreign, here specifically American and German, HRM practices in order to reform their own HRM model. These suggestions are based on a large scale empirical study, encompassing responses from more than 800 HR managers. The learning possibilities for Japanese companies from abroad are analyzed on two different levels: at headqu arters and at subsidiary level. One obvious difficulty we are presented with if we wish to answer the question what Japan can learn from ‘the West’ is the selection of countries that are representative of ‘the West’. In this study we limit our empirical research to the inspirations Japan might receive from the USA and Germany. This selection has some merit, in representing the largest and the third 2 3 largest developed economies in the world (with Japan being the second largest economy), and the economically dominant nations of North America and Europe (with Japan being the leading economy in Asia). In addition, the USA and Germany each embody the prime example of two of the three main varieties of market economies: the USA representing the free market economy of Anglo-Saxon countries and Germany the social market economy of continental Europe (with Japan embodying the third main variety of market economies, the government-induced market economy of East-Asia). Furthermore, according to Smith & Meiksins (1995: 243) the USA, Japan and Germany are most frequently referred to as role models, â€Å"as they provide ‘best practice’ ideals from which other societies can borrow and learn. Consequently, these country models have been subject to numerous comparative analysis (Thurow, 1992; Garten, 1993; Yamamura and Streeck, 2003; Pascha, 2004; Jacoby, 2005). As economic performance and growth paths vary over time the role of a ‘dominant’ economy also rotates among countries. In the 1950s, 1960s and most of the 1970s the American management style clearly was domi nant and a common expectation was that it would spread around the world, gaining application in many foreign countries. From the late 1970s to the early 1990s, this argument increasingly was applied to Japan (Mueller, 1994), and to a lesser extent and limited to the European context, to Germany (Albert, 1991; Thurow, 1992). Since the implosion of the Japanese economy, the stagnation of the German economy, and with the advent of globalization, the conventional wisdom over the last one and a half decades up to the current economic crisis has been that the American management model is particularly well suited to provide the necessary flexibility to cope with rapidly evolving economic and technological conditions. Consequently, the USA became again the dominant role model (Edwards et al. , 2005). This study employs a very carefully matched design in which we investigate the same three countries (Japan, the USA and Germany) as home and host countries. We not only study HRM practices at headquarters (HQ) in each of these three countries, but also the practices of the subsidiaries of MNCs from each of the three countries in the two other respective countries. As a result, we re able to compare the HRM practices of nine different groups of companies: HQ in Japan, the USA and Germany, subsidiaries of Japanese and German MNCs in the USA, subsidiaries of Japanese and American MNCs in Germany and subsidiaries of American and German MNCs in Japan. This design will enable us to disentangle the inspirations companies seek from abroad to a far greater extent than has been possible in other studies. 3 4 The structure of our analysis is separated into two main sections. The first main section describes empi rical results from HQ and the second main section depicts the situation at subsidiary level. For each of the two main sections, first the context of existing research is summarized. Subsequently, the methodology of the empirical research is described. Findings are then presented and subsequently discussed. Finally, suggestions are made as to how the Japanese might best make use of foreign HRM policies to reform their own HRM practices and ultimately improve competitiveness. Research context As mentioned above, the Japanese HRM model has often been recognized as a key factor to the rise of the Japanese economy, particularly during the 1980s (see for example Inohara, 1990). However, the same Japanese HRM which until recently has been much celebrated in the West, and presented as a role-model to be learned from (see for example Vogel, 1979; Ouchi, 1981; Peters and Waterman, 1982; Bleicher, 1982; Hilb, 1985), is now increasingly viewed as outmoded, and necessitating substantial reform (Frenkel, 1994; Smith, 1997; Yoshimura and Anderson, 1997; Crawford, 1998; Horiuchi, 1998; Ornatowski, 1998; El Kahal, 2001; Pudelko, 2005, 2007). Others, however, continue to stress its inherent strengths and warn against significant change (Kono and Clegg, 2001; Ballon, 2002; Ballon, 2006). On the other hand, American understanding of HRM has traditionally been viewed by Japanese managers with skepticism. It is regarded as contradicting in many ways the broad concept of ‘respect for people’ (Kono and Clegg, 2001) and the aim of ‘human resource development’ (Ballon, 2002) that is ingrained into the Japanese management philosophy. In particular, the idea of defining the employees of a company as ‘resources’ (instead of members of the company ‘family’) that need to be managed (instead of ‘developed’) runs contrary to the key concepts of traditional Japanese HRM. However, in response to the deep crisis of the Japanese economy and management model, which has lasted for more than a decade now, it is clear that some shift toward Western management principles is taking place 4 5 (Frenkel, 1994; Ornatowski, 1998; El Kahal, 2001; Matanle, 2003). Thus, mirroring the economic growth patterns, adoption of Japanese HRM principles seems in the USA to be largely an issue of the past, whereas the question of adoption of American HRM policies is more current in Japan than ever. The key issue in Japan seems to be to find a new balance between the continuation of traditional (human resource) management principles and changes inspired largely by Western or more specifically American strategies. Regarding finally the specific German understanding of (human resource) management, it has to be concluded that this is a subject of no significant importance in Japanese business research, if it is considered at all (Pudelko, 2000a). Methodology Data collection and sample It may be noted from this brief review that existing literature in this field is in some respects inconclusive or somewhat contradictory. Nor has it generally been informed by empirical examination of HR managers’ own views on cross-national adoption processes. As this group might be expected to constitute the chief change agent, empirical insight appears in this context all the more important. Accordingly, this chapter provides data on the perceptions of HR managers from three different countries on the possibility of learning from each other. In this task, a quantitative approach seemed to be the most appropriate. The analysis is therefore based on empirical data which have been drawn together from an extensive survey (Pudelko, 2000a-c). The heads of HR departments from the 500 largest corporations of Japan – and for comparative reasons – the USA and Germany were selected as units of investigation. It was assumed that the heads of HR departments would have the highest degree of experience, knowledge and vision with regard to the issues being investigated, due to their senior positions within corporate hierarchies.

Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address Analysis Essays

Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address Analysis Essays Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address Analysis Paper Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address Analysis Paper Abraham Lincoln 2nd Inaugural Address Rhetorical Analysis On March 4, 1865 Abraham Lincoln gave his second inaugural address to a crowd of over thirty thousand Americans, the civil war was coming to an end, and America was divided. Near the end of the Civil War, Lincoln, speaking in his Second Inaugural Address, contemplated the effects of the Civil War and offered his vision for the future of the nation by symbolizing war as an enemy against the North and South and appealing neutral with the hope of a unity between the North and South. Using allusion A rhetorical strategy that is seen throughout Lincoln’s speech is an allusion. With a humble and neutral tone, Lincoln refers to biblical allusions in order to gain respect and trust from his audience. As he mentions. He uses God and the Bible to show that the people both from the North and also the South have the same values. Lincoln says, â€Å"Each looks for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental astounding. Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God’s assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men’s faces, but let us judge not, that we are not judged.† What Lincoln said was from the Bible, and most people could relate because many of the citizens were very religious. Lincoln also states, â€Å"†¦Let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds..† That was also an all usion to the Bible, impacting the people to help fix the nation and to help come together as a nation. Religion was very important to many citizens of that time, so the religious allusion used in the speech was very effective. Personifying With his collective dictions to address how the North and South are one party, Lincoln was able to clearly personify war as the opponent of the North and South. As he describes how â€Å"all dreaded [war]† and â€Å"neither party† thought the war would last long, Lincoln reiterates the idea of unity between the North and South. The fact that Lincoln includes these collective pronouns establishes that he wants the nation to retain their American identity that they fought so hard for in the past against the British to achieve. With the idea of unity, Lincoln was clear in that it was not truly a civil war; it was a battle against war itself. This supports his perspective on the unification between the North and Side; it was evident that neither side wanted to fight, and if they did, they did not expect the conflict to last long. Lincoln then continues to emphasis war as the enemy as â€Å"the war came† to America to divide them. By transitioning the intangible word of war to a person, Lincoln highlights war as an opponent to the nation rather than the conflict occurring at the nation. This revision of the term, war, led to the realization of what they were actually fighting for: to retain their unity and not own individual reasons. Lincoln’s intended effect of personifying war is not only to alert the nation of their true goal of unity, but to clarify war as the proper enemy. Appealing to ethos Lincoln was the president of the United States so he was a very credible figure, people knew that they were receiving information from a reliable source. He appealed to ethos by trying to make those listening think like him. When Lincoln states that, The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all, he is letting his audience know that he truly believes in the United States’ military and they should too. Reciting Lincoln also recites, With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds . Here he uses words that indicate togetherness like â€Å"for all†, â€Å"we† and â€Å"us†.

My Thoughts on Engineering Ethics †Essay

My Thoughts on Engineering Ethics – Essay Free Online Research Papers My Thoughts on Engineering Ethics Essay I thought that the article by Roger Boisjoly about the ethical decisions made regarding the space shuttle Challenger disaster. It gave a fascinating account of what one engineer experienced in having to make a very difficult decision. He went to his superiors when he thought he found something wrong with the o-ring. Unfortunately management at MTI did not want to hear it and did their best to ignore it. To his dismay along the whole process he couldn’t get anyone at MTI or NASA to really listen and acknowledge the problem. So the launch of Challenger was not delayed and resulted in a tragedy. Boisjoly has a lot of quotes that really put to heart what the code of ethics that all practicing and non-practicing engineers should follow. That as an engineer we have a responsibility to not let the â€Å"technical illiterate† decide what is safe or not. One has to ask themselves, â€Å"would you allow your wife or children to use this product without any reservation?† These statements implicitly cover the fundamental canons of ethics put forth by the National Society of Professional Engineers. I found it surprising that a colleague of his said, â€Å"You don’t override your chain of command. My boss was there; I made my position known to him; he did not choose to pursue it; at that point, it’s up to him†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I was floored by that statement. I hope that if I strongly believe that there is a problem that can lead to a dangerous situation that I step forward and make sure that my point is made. I hope that as a practicing engineer that I am never put into the position that Boisjoly was, but if I were then I hope that I can take a lesson from him and do the right thing. Research Papers on My Thoughts on Engineering Ethics - EssayMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesGenetic EngineeringEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenQuebec and CanadaThe Hockey GameInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Research Process Part OnePETSTEL analysis of IndiaOpen Architechture a white paper

Definition and Purpose of a Heterogeneous Class

Definition and Purpose of a Heterogeneous Class Heterogeneous groups  in educational settings include students from a wide range of instructional levels. The practice of assigning mixed groups of students to shared classrooms stems from the education precept that positive interdependence develops when students of varying achievement work together and help each other reach educational goals. Heterogeneous groups contrast  directly with homogeneous groups, in which all students perform at roughly the same instructional level. Examples of Heterogeneous Groups A teacher may deliberately pair low-, medium-, and high-level readers (as measured by reading assessments) together in a heterogeneous group to read and analyze a given text together. This type of cooperative group can improve outcomes for all of the students as the advanced readers can tutor their lower-performing peers. Rather than putting gifted students, average students, and special-needs students in separate classrooms, school administrators may divide students into classes with a relatively even distribution of abilities and needs. Teachers may then further divide the group during instructional periods using either the heterogeneous or homogeneous model. Advantages For students of lesser ability, being included in a heterogeneous group rather than pigeonholed into a homogeneous group reduces their risk of being stigmatized. And labels that classify academic skill can become self-fulfilling prophecies as teachers may lower expectations for students in special-needs classrooms. They may not challenge those students to perform well and may rely on limited curriculum that restricts exposure to concepts some students could, in fact, learn. A heterogeneous group gives advanced students a chance to mentor their peers. All members of the group may interact more to help each other understand the concepts being taught. Disadvantages Students, parents, and teachers may prefer to work in a homogeneous group or be part of a homogeneous classroom. They may see an educational advantage or just feel more comfortable working with peers of similar ability. Advanced students in a heterogeneous group may at times feel forced into a leadership role they do not want. Rather than learning new concepts at their own speed, they must slow down to assist other students or curtail their own study to proceed at the rate of the whole class. In a heterogeneous grouping, advanced students may take the role of co-teacher, rather than advancing their own skills. Students of lesser abilities may fall behind in a heterogeneous group and may be criticized for slowing the rate of the whole class or group. In a study or work group, unmotivated or academically challenged students may be ignored rather than assisted by their peers. Management of a Heterogeneous Classroom Teachers need to remain aware and recognize when a heterogeneous grouping does not function properly for a student at any level. Teachers should support advanced students by supplying additional academic challenges and help students who fall behind receive the assistance they need to catch up. And students in the middle of a heterogeneous group face the risk of getting lost in the shuffle as the teacher concentrates on the special needs of students at either end of the spectrum.

Storytelling, the Meaning of life and The Epic of Gilgamesh Research Paper

Storytelling, the Meaning of life and The Epic of Gilgamesh - Research Paper Example A., â€Å"Story Telling, the Meaning of Life, and the Epic of Gilgamesh†). The close inspection of these lines will lead the readers of Arthur. A. Brown to the life that is between realms of mortality and immortality. The switching of codes between the imagination and pragmatism is what we call life. This is the underlying vision of the author and so he focuses that any story can easily launch us to a world of imagination which can be termed as an escapade from the harsh realities of life but then it is always essential because it refreshes our mind, soul and body. According to the author here lies the greatness or importance of story telling and this code switching between the mortal and the immortal world is the true essence of life. According to Arthur, stories are informative and they inform us about life and death and sometimes life after death and with a commendable rhetorical description of the story of Gilgamesh, he describes this in his essay. To the narrator, the story of Gilgamesh is not merely an ancient story telling about the life of a king and people living in the land between Tigris and Euphrates, also it is not a parable of their lifestyle, myth and beliefs but much more. It is a story about something beyond our comprehension which author describes in his essay as â€Å"things we cannot fix†. These are the things which are beyond the day – to – day life of the people living in the second and third millennium BCE and worshiping a king called Gilgamesh, but by delving deep into the epic. One can find out, according to Arthur, the reconciliation between human and mortality. One must try to understand things beyond his perceptions and our reflections regarding story telling. Relat ing life with a story is the greatest work and to successfully fit into the scheme of a character’s action is the utmost transcendental phenomena in life, views Arthur. The title of the essay is aptly suitable for bearing the crown of being the

Watch video, answer question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Watch video, answer question - Essay Example Once humans possessed the fertile places, they opted to settle at the expense of nomadic life. According to Guilaine, the hunter-gatherers had to fight to defend the territories that had plenty of fish, animals, and plants (Treetrunks). The defending of the territory depicted signs of sedentary life. Competition for the best territories sparked fights. Similarly, Bar-Yosef points out the restriction of movement, especially in Asia prompted humans to adopt a sedentary life. The Fertile Crescent influenced humans to adopt a sedentary life because of its fertility. Notably, the strip was fertile and barley, as well as, wheat grew naturally (Treetrunks). The nomadic hunter-gatherers realized the place offered a permanent settlement, and thus decided to settle. Evidently, the presence of the stonewalled huts indicated that people had opted to live in the Fertile Crescent and start domesticating crops and animals. Hence, the strip was habitable, and supported the construction of permanent residences. Villages started to grow, and humans adopted sedentary life. The first villages comprised of the hunter-gatherers who had advanced skills. Guilaine argues that people living in the first villages demonstrated a shift in thinking and spirited desire to embrace change (Treetrunks). In effect, the high intellectual capacities compelled the people to change their way of life. The villages are important because historians contend that they were the hubs of agriculture after the discovery of seeds. Agriculture promoted sedentary life, and the villages planted barley and wheat as sources of food. Bar-Yosef argues that the villagers exploited the wheat and barley and developed techniques for making bread (Treetrunks). Hence, the first villages were significant in promoting the domestication of

Apple, Inc Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Apple, Inc - Thesis Example esigning and developing innovative products in the area of mobile communication, computers, accessories, including software, services and networking solutions. The company is committed to bringing the best user experience to its customers through its innovative hardware, software, peripherals and services in the area of technology and digital communication. The vision statement gives direction to the firm and serves as motivation for the workforce to develop collective goals and achieve them through shared learning and participatory approach. Company’s mission statements clearly state its commitment to diversity. With its business interests expanded across the globe, it addresses the needs of its consumers coming from diverse background that cuts across race, culture, color and nationality. As such, it not only promotes diversity within its work environment but also strives to exploits cultural competency of its human capital to innovate and maintain its competitive advantage. It is an equal employment opportunity employer and ensures that there is no discrimination based on race, color, nationality, gender, disability etc. In fact, it is committed to ‘working with and providing reasonable accommodation to applicants with physical or mental disabilities’ (apple.com). Moreover, Affirmative action is crucial ingredient that helps managerial leadership to exploit the unique competencies of diverse workforce. Workers enjoy equal rights and opportunity, irrespective of their nativity, color, gender or race . The organization provides constant learning environment to its workers so that they are able to upgrade their skills and knowledge to meet the changing demands of the times. . The various internal initiatives comprise of in-house training and skill development programs for people coming from different background. Most importantly, management recognizes the importance of diversity and makes effort to exploit the tacit knowledge of diverse workforce to create

Iran hostage crisis and its effect on Iranian American Immigrants Essay

Iran hostage crisis and its effect on Iranian American Immigrants - Essay Example The takeover was planned by a student named Ebrahim Asgharzadeh. He invited people who shared his views to join his plan. On the morning of November 4, 1979, around 300-500 students surrounded the American embassy and took it over very shortly. The students demanded that Shah Reza must be returned to Iran, trialed and executed. Besides that, they also demanded an apology from the US for meddling unnecessarily in the internal affairs of Iran and the release of Iran’s frozen assets in the US. The takeover was intended to be only for a short while but as its popularity grew in the country and it also won Khomeini’s support, it was prolonged. There were a few rescue attempts but they failed. A number of delegations were sent to request the release of the hostages but the students insisted that their demands must be met first. The takeover resulted in transfer of 50 tones of gold from America to Iran. The hostages were released as soon as the US President, Jimmy Carter stepped down and Ronald Reagan was elected as the new President. This takeover lasted for an extraordinary length of time and resulted in strained US-Iran relations. The new situation proved very dire for Iranian Immigrants in the US. Iranians in America had excelled in business, academics and sciences. But after the revolution, the relations between both countries were strained. Iranians were considered as terrorists. They were treated as second class citizens. Their rights were not catered by the Government as compared to U.S citizens. The Iranian immigrants were ignored in every field of life. Americans showed distrust and hatred for them. Iranian immigrants were subjected to discrimination and prejudice in the U.S. instead of reactive solidarity; however some religious minorities from Iran opted to dissociate themselves from their nationality. Muslim immigrants were not provided with this option because they were largely secular and nationalistic. Even the commercial

Cybersecurity Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Cybersecurity - Coursework Example This is because it is distinctive to a message, small changes to a message causes a different has, therefore, warning of interference. Symmetric methods may be the most suitable for securing movie videos from unlawful viewing while kept on servers in the cloud. A sender may use a key to program a message into cipher text. The receiver may employ the identical key to decipher it. This will permit only individuals who have authorization to the movie videos to view them. (Delfs & Knebl, 2007). Yes. The American government can employ a cloud-based model to enhance its operations. This is because applications of cloud technology do not rely on on-site staff or agency servers. A cloud-based computing model is beneficial in several ways. One, it will reduce governmental cost. Payments are made incrementally. Two, the government can save more information than on private systems. Third, government officials can access data from any place. Fourth, government agencies can collaborate and communicate efficiently (Rabkin & Zaharia, 2010). Community cloud model should be utilized for inter-agency connections. This is because this model shares resource among a number of organizations from an area with mutual interests, for example, jurisdiction, compliance, and security, whether managed by a third-party or internally and hosted outwardly or inwardly. The expenses are shared among less people than a public cloud (Zittrain, 2008). Meaning, only certain cost savings ability of cloud computing are fulfilled. Hybrid Cloud should be utilized for the public-private partnership critical infrastructure. A hybrid cloud entails a blend of a private and public cloud that work together, but remain sole units. This provides the advantage of numerous deployment models. Public-private partnerships are able to get levels of locally immediate usability and fault tolerance without depending on the connectivity of the internet when they use hybrid cloud for its critical

Nokia company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Nokia company - Essay Example Strategy helps an organisation to attain competitive advantage which ascertains its success. The business operations of the company along with its manufactured goods were believed to be based on technology. The factor of technology has been considered to be crucial because of the rapid alterations and the constant developments. Therefore, the company in order to stay ahead in the competition required to deal adeptly with the altering technological environment. The issue of increasing competition and sustaining existence in such a tumultuous environment would be addressed in this study (Dittrich, 2005). Academic Foundations Concepts & Theories Regarding Strategic Management of Organisations Organisations have been stated to be an accumulation of individuals who are brought together and organised with the intention of attaining certain objectives. In this context, strategy has been referred as the means adopted by the mentioned accumulation of such individuals for the reason of turning to an effectual economic performer. Strategy could be described as a structure of behaviours with the help of which a particular organisation, by mishap or plan, builds resources. These resources are then employed for the purpose of providing products as well as services in a manner that is comprehended to be worth by the users. The delivery of the products as well as the services are carried out by adhering with the financial and other determined intentions along with the restrictions made obligatory by the chief stakeholders. Appropriate strategies offer an organisation with certain assets that are measured to be exclusive or rather distinguishing. It also provides the organisation the method for adjusting and redesigning its competitive benefits in accordance with the... It is evidently clear from the discussion that the origin of Nokia, the leading cell phone manufacturer, traces back to 1865 with the commencement of a project relating to forestry business by Fredrick Idestam who was a mining engineer in Finland. Finnish Rubber Works Ltd was set up in 1898 and the Finnish Cable Works commenced its functions in the year 1912. Slowly, the possession of the two companies along with Nokia started to change hands with few other owners. And then at last in the year 1967, these three mentioned companies were brought together which gave rise to the company called Nokia Corporation. The company has its headquarters at Espoo in Finland. Nokia Corporation is involved with the production of mobile gadgets along with appliances related to mobile network. It creates mobile gadgets with the facility of accessing internet on the gadgets. The company also offers services as well as resolutions relevant to its manufactured products throughout the globe. Nokia Corpora tion is involved with chiefly four kinds of business operations or divisions and they are multimedia, networks, mobile handsets and enterprise solutions. The company was stated to be the biggest producer of mobile handsets in the globe. It has a workforce which engages about 132,000 employees in more than 120 countries. In case of Nokia, after carrying out the internal and external analysis, it could be suggested that the company needs to take away its previous outdated models of mobile phones from the market as the requirements of the customers keeps on altering

Cybersecurity Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Cybersecurity - Coursework Example This is because it is distinctive to a message, small changes to a message causes a different has, therefore, warning of interference. Symmetric methods may be the most suitable for securing movie videos from unlawful viewing while kept on servers in the cloud. A sender may use a key to program a message into cipher text. The receiver may employ the identical key to decipher it. This will permit only individuals who have authorization to the movie videos to view them. (Delfs & Knebl, 2007). Yes. The American government can employ a cloud-based model to enhance its operations. This is because applications of cloud technology do not rely on on-site staff or agency servers. A cloud-based computing model is beneficial in several ways. One, it will reduce governmental cost. Payments are made incrementally. Two, the government can save more information than on private systems. Third, government officials can access data from any place. Fourth, government agencies can collaborate and communicate efficiently (Rabkin & Zaharia, 2010). Community cloud model should be utilized for inter-agency connections. This is because this model shares resource among a number of organizations from an area with mutual interests, for example, jurisdiction, compliance, and security, whether managed by a third-party or internally and hosted outwardly or inwardly. The expenses are shared among less people than a public cloud (Zittrain, 2008). Meaning, only certain cost savings ability of cloud computing are fulfilled. Hybrid Cloud should be utilized for the public-private partnership critical infrastructure. A hybrid cloud entails a blend of a private and public cloud that work together, but remain sole units. This provides the advantage of numerous deployment models. Public-private partnerships are able to get levels of locally immediate usability and fault tolerance without depending on the connectivity of the internet when they use hybrid cloud for its critical

In no more than 2,000 words, you are required to give a detailed Essay

In no more than 2,000 words, you are required to give a detailed account of the legal arguments you would put forward for the discharge of Edna Elliot by the MH - Essay Example Every adult is presumed to deserve the sufficient capacity of understanding the decisions made by him and consequences of any action (Sumond, 2005, p.45). "Mental capacity is the term used to describe a cluster of mental skills that people use in their day to day lives in making decisions" (Capacity and Consent, p.1) Speaking in easier terms, mental capacity means the ability of an individual to make a decision about specific elements of their life" (Crawley & Williams, 2007, p.3). Actually, the concept is not a unanimous as it differs in varied context. "Consent is the voluntary or unconditional permission of a person to a given dealing" (Crawley & Williams, 2007, p.3). This relates to the free-will of an individual about a particular matter and corresponds to the psychoanalytical explanation. Permission or decision obtained through force, fraud or intimidation is not considered as consent. As per the provision of Mental Health Act, 1983 consent indicates a voluntary or unconditiona l willingness of a person for the commission of a particular act which is within the knowledge of the said person. If a certain adult suffers from mental incapacity, effort should be taken so that the best interests of the individual can be sustained. House of Lords has defined 'best interest' as: "[n]ecessary to save life or prevent a deterioration or ensure an improvement in the patient's physical or mental health; and in accordance with a practice accepted at the time by a responsible body of medical opinion skilled in the particular form of treatment in question" (Capacity and Consent, p.4). Mental incapacity is equally applicable to persons of all ages including the children. The Children's Commissioner for England ('the Children's Commissioner') was established under by the Children Act 2004. This body is invested with the responsibilities of promoting and protecting the interests of Children. Clause 24 of Mental Health Act 1983 has made some changes regarding the children und er the age of 18. The amendment states that "children with mental health problems would receive assessment, treatment and care from child and adolescent mental health specialists and where in-patient care is needed, are placed in age appropriate settings" (Children's Commissioner. n.d., p.3). 3. Legislation Regarding Mental Health There are several enactments governing the mental health in the country. The most prominent amongst these instruments is The Mental Health act, 1983. Other enactments are Mental Incapacity act, 2005, Court protection rules 1994. For the convenience and proper understanding over the topic, it is required to have a careful and through analysis over those relevant legislations. 3.1. The Mental Health Act 1983 The Mental Health Act 1983 sets out the law on assessing and/or treating a mentally disordered patient under compulsion. The legislative provisions concerning the mental incapacities and their treatment as inserted in The Mental Health

North America Essay Example for Free

North America Essay Canada is located in the northern side of North America and it borders Arctic Ocean and North Pacific Ocean. According to the CIA World Fact Book, Canada had an estimated population growth of approximately 33,212,696 as at July 2008. The highest population in terms of age structure was between 16-64 years with males recording a higher margin by 246,716. The population growth rate was estimated to be 0. 83% while the birth rate and death rates were 10. 29/1000 population and 7. 61/1000 population respectively. The ethnic groups living in Canada include those from the British Isles who form about 28% of the total population. Those with a French origin constitute a tune of 23% of the total population, 15% is made of American Indians, 6% are Arabs while approximately 26% are from a mixture of races or ethnic backgrounds. (CIA, 2008). Canada’s capital city is Ottawa and the government is a constitutional monarchy. One of the most distinguishing features in Canada is its multicultural diversity as well as an immigration policy that is very friendly to immigrants especially those with skills that can allow them fit well in labor market. This paper will focus on Canada’s multicultural diversity, immigration policy and her economy. In analyzing an economy, one addresses issues or features like the level of consumer spending, the exchange rate, the GDP, the GDP per capita, the GNP, the national debt, interest rates, level of inflation as well as the balance of payment. Sectors of an economy for instance primary like in agriculture, secondary like the manufacturing industries or even tertiary or the service sectors are also assessed. Canada’s economy according to the CIA is a market economy whose industrial development has overtime replaced the rural agrarian economy. Trade plays a very significant role in as far as Canada’s economy is concerned. CIA estimates that it contributes 1/3 of the total GDP. Canada is endowed with natural resources especially oil and gas as well as electrical power which places it at a better edge in terms of potential economic advancement. 2007 estimates have it that the GDP in terms of the purchasing power parity was $1. 271 trillion but on using the official exchange rates the figure rose to $1. 432 trillion. The real GDP growth rate was estimated to be 2. 7% while the per capita income was at $38000 in the same year. The service industry was the sector that contributed the highest in as far as GDP was concerned. (CIA, 2008). Agriculture contributed the least at 2. 1%. Other important economic indicators like unemployment rate stood at 6% as at 2007. The US was the greatest export partner as at 2007 and it stood at 79. 3%. Canada’s exchange rate was at 1. 0724 in 2007 in terms of Canadian dollars per the US dollar. 2007 statistics also had it that Canada’s external debt was $758. 6 billion; the public debt was 64. 2% of the country’s GDP while the current account balance stood at $12. 67 billion. (CIA, 2008). Factors that trigger immigration include globalization of markets, technological advancement especially in the communication sectors, affordable transport, safer and stable environments in terms of political, social as well as economic conditions. Canada embraces the talents and expertise that the immigrants bring to her which stirs her economic growth and advancement. The improved standards of living can be attributed to immigration. (Citizenship and Immigration Canada, 2008). Immigrants also place Canada at a better edge socially as her intervention is sought when addressing issues related to the protection of the disadvantaged for instance the refugees. (Dolin B and Young M, 2004) History has it that the immigrant friendly policies were encouraged by the government officials with the aim of increasing the countries population and consequently standing a better position economic wise. (Westhues A, 2006). The reduced population growth could be blamed on the decline in women’s fertility rates as they joined the labor force. Another reason behind the immigration policies was that with the increased standards of living, the life expectancy rates had risen sharply and the aged, a dependent population was increasing. The aged increases or rather raise a country’s dependency ratio and they are not economically productive. Immigrants are encouraged to provide a skilled work force to boost the economic growth. Others were encouraged and allowed to live in Canada due to family reunions. Unlike the US which applies harsh policies on immigrants within its jurisdiction Canada embraces or rather welcomes immigrants and statistics have it that to a tune of 13. 4 immigrants have been welcomed in a span of a decade. In 2001, it was estimated that approximately 18. 4% of the total population were not born in Canada. (Citizenship and Immigration Canada, 2008). The immigrants only work to enrich culture in Canada. It is estimated that Canada attracts a tune of 200 000 immigrants annually from across the globe. All institutions in Canada for instance the legal institutions are expected to treat all the citizens equally. According to the Ministry of Public Works and Government services, Canada treats all her citizens equally. It embraces multiculturalism. This way her citizens are proud of their origin without fear or shame as no race or ethnic group is considered as being superior to the other. Canadians are encouraged to live in harmony with each other regardless their racial background or origin. This arrangement allows all Canadians to have an equal stand in as far as the running of social, political as well as economic issues is concerned. The Canadian multiculturalism history dates back to the year 1971 when the multiculturalism act was officiated. (Minister of Public Works and Government Services, 2007). Since then, Canada has witnessed the positive effects like reduced conflicts or violence, reduced discrimination while encouraging harmony and unity among her citizens. Since assimilation is not a problem for most immigrants, it enables them to easily fit in Canada while retaining or rather maintaining their identities. An all inclusive and accommodative approach would boost a country’s democracy and consequently pave way for development in all aspects. Diversity is embraced with the mentality that it will boost a better Canada both socially as well as economically. It is argued that diversity precipitates innovation, teamwork and creativity which are important factors to consider for growth to be realized. However Canada is still faced by some challenges that affect its economic growth and development. The issue of inequality is too significant to be ignored. The Aboriginal people continue to lag behind in as far as health, poverty, education, unemployment as well as suicide rates are concerned. (Minister of Public Works and Government Services, 2007). The immigration policy in Canada faces much criticism from those who argue that it leads to the increased taxes on the incumbent citizen’s side. Statistics have it that recent immigrants will generally register lower wages as opposed to other citizens. This precipitates the need to put them on welfare schemes. The impact of immigrants on the local citizen’s wages is significant and cannot be ignored. Critics propose a reform in the selection of immigrants who are to live in Canada so that the burden in form of taxes is done away with. In his article ‘Immigration and the Welfare State in Canada: Growing Conflicts, Constructive Solutions’ Herbert Grubel pointed out that in 2000 the government spent a tune of $1. 4 billion while the figure rose to approximately $18. 3 billion in 2003 in form of immigrants welfare. A reform can ensure that immigrants are given temporary visas until they access the jobs they are skilled in instead of first gaining citizenship before they can secure jobs. Impose high taxes on incumbent citizens would reduce their disposable incomes and consequently reducing their purchasing power. Most refuges who make Canada their home or shelter are without the skills to make them competent in the job market and thus the need for government intervention in form of welfare. (Grubel H, 2005). In her article’ The potential impacts of immigration on productivity in Canada’ Alice Nakamura noted that the new immigrants are a potential threat to the country’s productivity levels. These fears arose due to the fact that newer immigrants registered reduced wages probably as an indication that they were less attractive to their employees. This could be blamed on the quality of their work. (Nakamura A, 2003). Concerns raised here were that by lowering the productivity levels the standards of living were also likely to dwindle. This paper has by and large explained the economic characteristics of Canada and it suffices to say that she has been doing well like other developed countries. The high standards of living are a clear indication of a successful economy. However the issues of inequalities need to be addressed such that no race lags behind in terms of economic welfare as well as the accessibility of social amenities. It is clear that the multiculturalism in Canada ensures freedom in participation of various sectors like in politics. The immigration policy is also to the country’s advantage but it is vital that effective measures are carried out such that the incumbent citizens are not taxed heavily to finance immigrant’s welfare. References: Alice Nakamura. 2003. The potential impacts of immigration on productivity in Canada. Anne Westhues. 2006. Canadian Social Policy: Issues and Perspectives. Wilfrid Laurier University Press, Benjamin Dolin and Margaret Young. 2004. Canada’s immigration program. Retrieved on 23rd October 2008 from http://www. parl. gc. ca/information/library/PRBpubs/bp190-e. htm CIA. 2008. The world Fact Book. Canada. Retrieved on 23rd October 2008 from https://www. cia. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ca. html Citizenship and Immigration Canada. 2008. Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration, 2005. Canadian Immigration: Building Canada’s Future. A Vision for Building Canada’s Future. Retrieved on 23rd October 2008 from http://www. cic. gc. ca/English/resources/publications/annual-report2005/section1. asp

Essay example --

AN APPROACH FOR RDF INDEXING AND QUERY PROCESSING February 21, 2014 Rajesh Kannan - 16164021 Prudhvi Nalluri - 16163411 Kranthi Reddy - 12366438 V.Y.V. Akhilesh - 16165666 Overview RDF (Resource Description Framework) is used for describing the resources on the web. It provides structured, machine – understandable metadata for the web. The statements on resources are formed in the form of subject-predicate-object (triples), which can be represented as labeled graphs. SPARQL is the query language for RDF. It provides the standard format and rules for writing and processing queries on RDF data set and the results can be results sets or RDF graphs. The Objective We are provided with the large RDF dataset and will be given a collection of SPARQL queries to fire on the dataset. Our aim is to implement a new approach for query processing and get the results same like getting the result through standard SPARQL query processor. Jena is a framework for java used for semantic web and it’s open source. Main use of Jena is to write the data to and read the data from RDF graph. The main purpose of this project is to design and implement a RDF storage mechanism to store data with good performance and scalability. The Opportunity Many approaches have been proposed to retrieve the data from NoSQL database such as vertical partitioning approach, RDF-3X, Matrix Bit, Bit Mat, etc. We will use vertical partitioning approach because of its performance technique and it was proved to be effective in variety of applications like biomedical data, data warehousing and for taxonomic data. We have lot of NoSQL databases to use such as MongoDB, Cassandra, Hbase, Couchbase, Etc. We are going with Cassandra, which is an open source database and there will be ... ...thms are not mandatory for this approach. Cassandra Pros †¢ Cassandra has all the advantages of the NoSQL. It does not use the relational model, which is required to maintain complex relationships as seen with current relational database systems. †¢ Cassandra is designed to be distributed and scalable, So Cassandra can support massive amount of data spread across multiple servers and also Cassandra is an open source. †¢ Cassandra is decentralized system and also works well in clustered and cloud environment. Bibliography †¢ http://blog.datagraph.org/2010/04/transmuting-ntriples †¢ http://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-windows/ †¢ http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/279947/Migration-of-Relational-Data-structure-to-Cassandr †¢ http://answers.semanticweb.com/questions/716/storing-rdf-data-into-hbase †¢ http://cs-www.cs.yale.edu/homes/dna/abadirdf.pdf

The Police Powers of Search, Arrest, and Interrogation Essay examples -

The Powers of Police Individuals have civil rights; people are entitled to be allowed to move freely and to have their person and their property respected. However the police must have sufficient powers to investigate crimes. Therefore Parliament has given the police special powers that can be used in certain circumstances. These powers include the rights to stop and search suspects, to arrest and interview people when necessary and to take fingerprints and samples (blood samples) for scientific analysis. Without the police having these certain powers then it would be nearly impossible to investigate any crimes. But it is also important for the police to remember that, at the same time, they do not unnecessarily harass ordinary people, and that those who are suspects are protected from overzealous police officers. The law on police powers is covered in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (also known as PACE) and the codes of practice under section 66 of PACE. There are five codes, running from code A to E. Code A deals with the powers to stop and search, code B deals with powers to search premises and seize property, code C deals with the detention, treatment and questioning of suspects, code D deals with rules for identification procedures and code E deals with tape-recording of interviews with suspects. This essay will discuss the police powers of search, arrest and interrogation, which are all covered by PACE 1984. The first item that this essay will be dealing with is the police's powers to stop and search. Under section one of PACE the police have the right to stop and search people and vehicles in a public ... ... as including torture, inhuman or degrading treatment and the use or threat of violence. Code C also gives protection to suspects who are being questioned in regard to the physical conditions of the interview. For example, the code says that interviews must be adequately lit, heated and ventilated and that suspects must be given adequate breaks for meals, refreshments and sleep. In theory the custody officer who is supposed to keep accurate records, should monitor the treatment of a suspect during their detention period. This should include the length and timing of interviews and other matters, such as visits of police officers to the defendants cell, so that any breaches of the rules will be obvious. However, research by Sanders and Bridges suggests that a substantial minority of custody records (10%) are falsified.

American Education

American Education is provided mainly by the government, with control and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local. At the primary and secondary school levels, curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are set through locally elected school boards with jurisdiction over school districts. School districts can be (but are not always) coextensive with counties or municipalities. Educational standards and standardized testing decisions are usually made by the states through acts of the state legislature and governor, and decisions of the state departments of education.Education of the learning disabled, blind, deaf, and emotionally disturbed is structured to adhere as closely as possible to the same experience received by normal students. Blind and deaf students usually have separate classes in which they spend most of their day, but may sit in on normal classes with guides or interpreters. The learning disabled often attend for the same amount of time as other students; however, they also usually spend most of their day in separate classrooms, commonly known as special education or special ed; here they often receive extra instruction or perform easier work.The goal of these programs, however, is to try and bring everyone up to the same standard and provide equal opportunity to those students who are challenged. Some students are identified early on as having dyslexia or being significantly slower learners than other students. The federal government supports the standards developed in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004. The law mandates that schools must accommodate students with disabilities as defined by the act, and specifies methods for funding the sometimes large costs of providing them with the necessary facilities.Larger districts are often able to provide more adequate and quality care for those with special needs. It was noted that the country has a low literacy rate as compared with other develop ed countries, with a reading literacy rate at 86-98% of the population over age 15, while ranking below average in science and mathematics understanding. The poor performance has pushed public and private efforts such as the No Child Left Behind Act.In addition, the ratio of college-educated adults entering the workforce to general population (33%) is slightly below the mean of other developed countries (35%) and rate of participation of the labor force in continuing education is high. Under the No Child Left Behind Act, all American states must test students in public schools statewide to ensure that they are achieving the desired level of minimum education, such as on the Regents Examinations in New York or the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment (PSSA); students being educated at home or in private schools are not included.The Act also requires that students and schools show â€Å"adequate yearly progress. † This means they must show some improvement each year. Althou gh these tests may have revealed the results of student learning, they may have little value to help strengthen the students' academic weakness. For example, in most states, the results of the testing would not be known until six months later. At that time, the students have been promoted to the next grade or entering a new school.The students are not given a chance to review the questions and their own answers but their percentile of the test results as compare to their own peers. There are several undesirable phenomena seen in the administration of the testing. In Illinois, for example, the state government delegates the printing and distribution of the test questions and booklets to private companies . There are questions about the security of the tests through this management.In 2006, some school districts did not receive the test questions until after other school districts had finished the tests weeks later. During high school, students, usually in their junior (That is, third ) year (11th grade), may take one or more standardized tests depending on their postsecondary education preferences and their local graduation requirements. In theory, these tests evaluate the overall level of knowledge and learning aptitude of the students. The SAT and ACT are the most common standardized tests that students take when applying to college.A student may take the SAT, ACT, or both depending upon the college the student plans to apply to for admission. Most competitive schools also require two or three SAT Subject Tests, (formerly known as SAT IIs), which are shorter exams that focus strictly on a particular subject matter. However, all these tests serve little to no purpose for students who do not move on to postsecondary education, so they can usually be skipped without affecting one's ability to graduateHowever, many conservatives believe that American public education is in poor shape today because of cultural and social trends, most beginning in the 1960s, which d estroyed classroom discipline, the moral basis for education, and a national consensus on what students should learn. There is some truth in this proposition, but ultimately it fails to explain why American students do not possess the communication and computational skills they need today to succeed in college or in the working world. By any standard, California students are observed to be not performing up to their full abilities.While some within the public school system claim that poor performance is due to inadequate government spending on education, more in-depth research demonstrates that such is not the case. The Pacific Research Institute’s California Index of Leading Education Indicators compiles data on the performance of students in California’s public education system. The findings in the Index reveal that poor student performance is the result not of too few taxpayer dollars, but of poor policy decisions by government education officials.Reform blockers of the American political system advantages those who prefer the status quo, which is why so little has changed in American education Twenty years ago â€Å"A Nation at Risk† set off alarms about the quality of America's schools, and ever since our country has been caught up in a frenzy of education reform. But the frenzy hasn't produced much, After untold billions of dollars and lofty reform packages too numerous to list, very little has been accomplished. Why such disappointing results?Many factors are no doubt responsible, but much of the answer rests with the politics of education. The problem is that, with rare exceptions, reforms that make it through the political process tend to be those that are acceptable to establish. Terry M. Moe , Mar 22, 2003 Further more he stated that â€Å"the teachers unions have more influence over the public schools than any other group in American society. They influence schools from the bottom up, through collective bargaining activities t hat shape virtually every aspect of school organization.And they influence schools from the top down, through political activities that shape government policy. They are the 800-pound gorillas of public education. Yet the American public is largely unaware of how influential they are–and how much they impede efforts to improve public schools. The problem is not that the unions are somehow bad or ill-intentioned. They aren't. The problem is that when they simply do what all organizations do–pursue their own interests–they are inevitably led to do things that are not in the best interests of children.To appreciate why this is so, consider the parallel to business firms. No one claims that these organizations are in business to promote the public interest. They are in business to make money, and this is the fundamental interest that drives their behavior†. Terry M. Moe | Jan 22, 2005. The Wall Street Journal, Jan. 13 On the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) math test (last administered in 1996), 54 percent of California fourth graders scored below a basic ability level.The average test score of those taking the fourth-grade math surpassed only the average scores of students in Louisiana and Mississippi. While the 1994 NAEP reading test, the average test score of California fourth graders ranked at the very bottom of all states, tied for last with Louisiana. Not only did 59 percent of all California fourth graders score â€Å"below basic,† an even more appalling 71 percent of African American fourth graders and 81 percent of Hispanic fourth graders scored below basic.Interesting performance indicator is the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) scores of public versus private high school students. From 1987 to 1995, the average verbal score of public high school SAT takers in California dropped from 421 to 412 (with a low of 408) in 1994, while public school SAT math scores stayed constant at 485. Over that same time p eriod, however, the average verbal score of parochial high school SAT takers increased from 432 to 442, while parochial school math scores increased from 464 to 484.Similarly, both the average verbal and math scores of independent private school SAT takers increased during that period. (See Figure 1. ) The public and private school systems seem to be headed in opposite directions, which is why school vouchers are becoming a more attractive option. The rhetoric of school reform often ignores the crucial role of individual decisions (by students, by parents, by business owners, by educators) in determining educational outcomes. You can lead a horse to water, the old adage goes, but you can't make him drink.It's a folksy way of imparting an important individualist truth. Providing students opportunities at school does not guarantee success if students watch television rather than do their homework – and parents let them. By assuming that any set of reform ideas can magically cre ate a well-educated citizenry, we oversell the role of policy-making. Education requires initiative, a trait notoriously difficult to create or impose. American business leaders began to see a decentralized, â€Å"patchwork† education system as a liability in international competition. U. S.manufacturers, especially, saw the rise of Germany as a significant economic threat and sought to imitate that country's new system of state-run trade schools. In 1905, the National Association of Manufacturers editorialized that â€Å"the nation that wins success in competition with other nations must train its youths in the arts of production and distribution. † German education, it concluded, was â€Å"at once the admiration and fear of all countries. † American business, together with the growing labor movement, pressed Congress to dramatically expand federal spending on education, especially for vocational instruction.Also, business and education leaders began to apply n ew principles of industrial organization to education, such as top-down organization and a â€Å"factory-floor† model in which administrators, teachers, and students all had a place in producing a standardized â€Å"final product. † These leaders created professional bureaucracies to devise and implement policy. Perhaps the most important boosters of America's new public education system were what we might today call â€Å"cultural conservatives. † The turn of the century, after all, was a time of tremendous immigration.As more and more immigrants arrived in America, bringing with them a plethora of languages, cultural traditions, and religious beliefs, American political leaders foresaw the potential dangers of Balkanization. The public education system, once designed primarily to impart skills and knowledge, took on a far more political and social role. It was to provide a common culture and a means of inculcating new Americans with democratic values. Public s chools, in other words, were to be a high-pressure â€Å"melting pot† to help America avoid the dismal fate of other multi-national polities.American political leaders were all too familiar with the Balkan Wars of the early 1900s, and were intent on avoiding a similar fate. Educators today lack the tools for dealing with unruly children thanks to two supreme court decisions of the late 1960's and 1970's. The bureaucratic lament that curriculums need to be revised, salaries should be raised, money should be poured into the system, teachers are not qualified, teachers salaries should be tied to students' performances, are not the reasons for students not learning. Rather it is a lack of discipline in the classroom.One decision declared that schools do not have ‘absolute authority' over their students and the other that a school had violated students' ‘free speech' by suspending them for not adhering to the school's dress code. To compound the situation students have learned quickly that if a school official does something they do not like they can sue or just threaten to sue with sometimes very telling results. More importantly, the ever-present threat of lawsuits transforms a teacher from an active, authority figure into a fearful, hapless, down-trodden passive public servant.Discipline is key to learning and acquiring skills to be prepared for the rigorous task of facing the world. It certainly was in place and largely effective before the tumultuous '60's came along and â€Å"discipline† became sinister in connotation. Today classroom disruption is no longer of the mundane sort – feet on the desk, loud talking, noise-making and fighting. Schools are now dealing with sex offenders, pistol packing students, cursing, students and/or parents fighting with teachers and litigation, all of which undermine the teaching profession.When discipline goes out of the window, the pillars of civility get pushed aside. The universal moral valu es of self-control, self- respect, and respect for others and for property cease to exist. The door is flung wide open for all types of self-serving stress. Counselors, psychologists, psychoanalysts, television commentators, lawyers and many charlatans too, first on the scene of every school tragedy, screaming the blindingly obvious, blaming one parent, two parents, dysfunctional and functional, poor and not so poor families for the troubles of society's young, and creating more chaos than calm in the lives of the young.The Solution There was a time when schools were counted always for stability, discipline, knowledge, caring and shaping the minds of young people. In addition, schools forged cohesive societies with very clear-shared values that conferred a sense of worth on all. That sense of worth could be revisited by a restoration of discipline; by teachers and parents working together, to make educating children their number one priority in life; by a system that instills charac ter and spirituality and equips each student with cultural skills.The quest for social improvement and for making societies better rests with the future generation and if students are to have a sense of social responsibility and desire to live up to social obligations, then they must be armed with a real education premised on discipline. The alternative is not to be savoured. References Judy Gelbrich, OSU . 1999 – School of Education. Section II – American Education Part 1. Colonial America Patricia Caton (562) Technical Contact: [email  protected] edu 951- 4807 Peter Sacks, Standardized Minds: The High Price of America's Testing Culture

Two types

Define multiple goal programming Explain two types of goal programming with multiple goals Define the graphical method for solving goal programming and Give the steps for solving a problem using the graphical method of goal programming] 4. What are the applications of queuing models. What is multiple server model of the queuing system. State its assumptions [Explain the application of queuing models in various areas Define the multiple server model and Explain the model with assumptions] 5. What are the various priority rules used in the process of sequencing? [Define sequencing andExplain the priority rules used in the process of Sequencing] 6. Explain the concept of replacement models. What are the limitations of replacement models? [Define the concept of replacement models Explain the importance of replacement models Explain the limitations of replacement models] OMNI ENTERPRISES RESOURCE PLANNING 1 . Write short notes on: Type of information required at various levels of the ente rprise Coordinateness Architecture (SO) factor for developing ERP systems Role of ERP in Sales and Distribution Trans-shipment [Type of information required at various levels of the enterprise Service-orientedArchitecture (SO) factor for developing ERP systems Role of ERP in Sales and Distribution Trans-shipment] 2. Write short notes on : Distribution Requirements Planning (DRP) Role of ERP Consultants Product Lifestyle Management (PALM) Collaborative CRM [Distribution Requirements Planning (DRP) Role of ERP Consultants Product Lifestyle Management (PALM) Collaborative CRM] 3. What are the benefits and features of ERP purchase module. [Listing of benefits of purchase module Description of features of purchase module] 4.What are the benefits and features of ERP financial module? [Listing of benefits of uncial module Description of features of financial module] 5. Case Study: Implementation of ERP HARM System at BBC BBC is a Us-based organization that operates several museums, researc h centers, and zoological parks. A few years back, the organization faced a number of issues in managing its human resource functions. This was due to the obsolescence of the existing human resource management system.The old system of the organization was not able to provide accurate information related to employees. Considering the on-going issues, BBC decided to implement the latest version of ERP HARM system ladled Peoples HARMS IV. 8 from Software Performance Systems, Inc. The implementation of this system was divided into four phases. First Phase: Focused on implementing personnel management, benefits administration, and payroll administration functions. Second Phase: Focused on implementing Job requisition, labor relations, and workflow management features.Third Phase: Concerned with the development of an organization-wide learning source to facilitate information and knowledge sharing. Fourth Phase: Focused on competency mapping and personnel development. The implementation o f the ERP HARM system not only improved human resource functions but also increased the overall operational efficiency of the organization. Questions: a) Why was BBC facing problems related to HARM? How did they solve it? B) What are the advantages obtained by BBC after implementing the ERP HARM system? [a. List the HER problems BBC was facing.List the four phases of implementation b. List the advantages obtained by BBC after implementing the ERP HARM(mentioned in the case as well as what you think are the advantages)] 6. Discuss the ERP selection criteria Explain the importance of selecting the right ERP system Explain the three major criteria for selecting an ERP system. ] MAMMON SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 1 . What are the different factors affecting transportation decisions? [Description/ outline of different factors and its sub factors in students own words] 2. Write short notes on risk pooling. Description of risk pooling importance of risk pooling in SCM listing and summarization (along with suitable examples for each) of four types of risk pooling] 3. Read the following case study and answer the questions given the end of the case study Best Supplier Relationship Management: Jaguar Land Rover and Gobble & Partner Jaguar Land Rover production line 8 October 2013 | SIPS Supply Management Awards 2013 â€Å"Jaguar Land Rover LOUR) transformed its position in customer satisfaction surveys and enhanced the quality of its products through an innovative partnership with a key supplier.By re-evaluating the way it deals with quality control and suppliers, Jaguar took top spot in the 2012 JDK Power Survey for customer satisfaction and Land Rover raced up the chart. In 2008, the survey put Jaguar at nine and Land Rover at 34 for quality, described by JELL as â€Å"clearly an unsatisfactory tuition† for a premium brand and stated that â€Å"something had to change†. Component quality was identified as the key issue – for some suppliers the proporti on of rejected parts was as high as 65 per cent – and some finished vehicles were being put into ‘containment' due to faulty components.This had knock-on effects including delayed customer shipments, production line stoppages that cost E,OHO per minute and the risk that faulty parts could make their way into completed vehicles. At the time, JELL was working with 16 different suppliers across three factories to undertake parts rework and containment, resulting in differing quality regimes and an inability to share data across the company. As a result, there was no single view of any given supplier's quality history, which made preventative action impossible.A new director of quality was appointed who launched a review of quality across the supply chain that identified potential improvements that could be made to the inspection of incoming components from suppliers. The Inbound Materials Project was established and the 16 suppliers dealing with quality control were reduce d to nee – Gobble & Partner (G) – who saw it as an opportunity to introduce innovations and boost investment in its Qatar quality management system, which totals E million to date. This evolved into a partnership between JELL and G.Both realized that prevention was better than cure, and through Qatar they could identify the component suppliers causing the most problems. Those with a recurrent history of reject parts were subject to a more rigorous inspection regime. G aim is to ensure no faulty part ever arrives at JELL production facilities and they now work on the premises of high- sis suppliers to review quality processes. The firm is also working at Slur's new plant in China to ensure the right quality approach is in place from the beginning.

Analysis: Computer Repair Shop

A computer repair shop chooses to back up the users data if there is an issue with the owners computer software. Then they just reinstall the operating system. What the computer repair shop doesnt do is reinstall the users applications.There are good and bad things about doing business this way. Some of the pros are it is less time consuming, all of the users pictures, music, videos, and documents will be backed up, and the computer will end up getting fixed. Doing it this way is less time consuming and that is both good for the computer repair shop and for the customer. Having everything backed up and the computer getting fixed are probably the two most important things to the owner of the computer.Despite all of the good things of fixing the computer of software problems by backing up the computer and reinstalling the operating system there still are some cons. There is not really any cons for the computer repair shop. However, for the user they might not like the fact that the per son repairing the computer will not reinstall the users applications and programs.A user who just uses their pc for browsing the internet and checking emails wont need a backup or any applications reinstalled. Someone who needs their documents for work will need all of them backed up but will probably not need their applications installed for them because they can just do it them selves.

Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Violence - Essay Example WHO acknowledges that 1.6million lives are lost worldwide due to violence especially those aged 15 to 44. Physical violence is the most common form of violence though other forms of violence such as rape, stalking. There are various risk factors that can be used to predict the occurrence of violence and preventive measures put in place to curb the crime before it occurs. The prevalence of firearms in the hands of the general public has been blamed for causing violence especially by the youth (Stellman, 1998). The firearms are used in robberies and to cause injuries to others or oneself especially if the handlers are mentally unstable or are aggressive. The firearms are also used as a means to manipulate others to get what they want. The media has also been under fire for its contribution to violence. Most films and TV movies involve violence and the youth become more aggressive by watching such programs. According to Berrios and Grady (1991), people who live with alcohol and drug abu sers are at a risk of violence. For example, 67% of the victims of domestic violence who lived with the batterer, in 48% of the cases the batterer had an alcohol and drug problem.

The growth of the U. S. Military Research Paper

The growth of the U. S. Military - Research Paper Example In the 21st century, the American army has the largest defense budget in the world. The military makes use of advanced technology and is greatly organized. The military has participated actively in multiple wars since its inception. However, this paper will focus on the contribution of the Cold War and Vietnam War to the growth of the American military and highlight the current situation and organization of the army. The Cold War As the world war reached its conclusion, Russia had managed to control the Eastern Europe while the United States had gained control of the west. The west started a slow withdrawal from establishing an additional front in east Europe (Cowley, 2005). In addition, the United States resolved to discontinue aids to the Soviet Union after conclusion of World War II. These actions initiated tension between the two regions. Enmity was building in between the two world powers. Each of the global power had allies. One unique difference between the two countries is th e fact that Russia believed in socialism while America was capitalistic and industrious. Most of the countries in Europe were struggling to rebuild their nations after the end of World War II in1945. The Soviet Union was determined to win allies among European countries and introduce communism. The US introduced the containment policy requiring the leaders of most of the countries to remain cautious so that the Soviet Union did not get space to introduce socialism (Levy, 2004). The Soviet Union had previously threatened to expand their socialist system. The Soviet Union believed that capitalism exploited people. In addition, the Great Britain collapse contributed to the start of the Cold War. Before its collapse, Britain brought about a balancing effect in west Europe. Now that Britain was out of the picture, the United States took over. It was evident that the United States and the Soviet Union had differing goals on reconstructing the world after the world war two and the differen t interests gave rise to a cold threat. Towards the conclusion of the World War II, the American military had succeeded in making the first nuclear bombs and bombed Japan, causing immense damage. There was an intense fear of the nuclear warfare and this heightened the tension between east Europe and the west. Both countries wanted to exert a form of social and political control in countries that depended on their aid. Truman declared the Cold War officially when he decided to give financial aid to Greece. The Cold War lasted for a long time. The USSR armies and US did not have direct attacks. However, countries in support of the United States formed a military alliance. This was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). This organization reached the decision that the United States would attack if the Soviet Union extended its influence to any NATO country. Russia already had control over all Eastern Europe, except Yugoslavia. The Cold War constituted of many proxy wars such as Korean War, Vietnam war and others (Gaddis, 2011). The Cold War persisted for some time and the world still experiences the effects. During the 1970-1980s, the Soviet Union was coming down because of the financial crisis. The union lacked adequate finances to run the system. Russian political and social reforms that came under new leadership did not favor the survival of the union. In 1991, the union split and withdrew from the Cold War

Should Induced Abortion Be Prohibited To Protect Fetus' Human Rights Assignment

Should Induced Abortion Be Prohibited To Protect Fetus' Human Rights - Assignment Example In a global context we find that in 17 out of 18 nations polled around the world, majorities reject using criminal penalties, such as fines and imprisonment, as a means to prevent abortion. On average across all 18 countries, 52 percent favor leaving the matter of abortion to the individual, while 42 per cent think their government should try to discourage abortions. This shows exactly how heated the debate on induced abortion must be! When discussing induced abortion the most significant question that comes to mind is can we choose to kill unwanted pregnancies? Does the charter of human rights apply to humans after birth or as early as an embryo? Critics of abortion argue that since life begins at conception, abortion is next to murder as a human life is taken. They believe that abortion is in denial of the sanctity of human life. On the other hand supporters of induced abortion justify that almost all abortions occur in the first trimester when the fetus is entirely dependent on th e mother and thus cannot be claimed as a separate human being. Also as the fetus is part of the woman’s body it should be entirely her decision whether to go through childbirth or opt for abortion. People are divided into two groups; Pro-Life, inclusive of those people who advocate the protection of human embryos and fetuses and vote for the outlawing of abortion on the basis that is murder, and Pro-Choice, i.e. people who support the basic right of women to choose whether or not to continue pregnancy till childbirth. The single treaty that actually grants specific rights to foetuses is the American Convention on Human Rights of 1969, signed by 24 Latin American countries, which says that human rights begin at the moment of conception5. The United States of America has not signed this treaty. However this treaty does not enforce signatories to ban abortion, according to the most recent interpretation. Now let’s discuss abortion from a religious point of view. Religion indeed has the inclination to get involved in the majority of debates. Clerics are

The Future of Mass Media Programming Term Paper

The Future of Mass Media Programming - Term Paper Example The term paper "The Future of Mass Media Programming" analyzes the future of different types of mass media such as the broadcast and print medias. The paper discusses if their way of presenting the information will change due to the appearance of new technologies. The future of the mass media programming will comprise of a highly integrated single electronic system that will have the ability to output high-quality audio, video, and printed materials. In this case, everything will be obtained electronically, including newspapers, movies, videos. Everything is going digital, and in the future, it seems there will be more smart media devices, which will be controlled using voices. In ten years time, media landscape will be far much change whereby print and broadcast forms of media will be accessible via the internet. The Broadcast form of content will be replaced by streaming content. Many people will have large OLED screens connected to the internet. The large audience will be in a position to watch or view television at the same time globally. Printed physical materials such as books and newspapers will not be competent as compared to those that are accessible online. Eventually, publishing companies will have to collaborate with the internet to provide their information on time. So, the media companies will have to give the best quality of information since competition will be very high and profits will mainly depend on the value of information delivered and the number of the audience who find the information valuable. (Daud, 2008). Actually, there will be one main channel of information distribution, and it will only require one device that has access to the internet. Everything will be accessible in there, and this will force media companies to change their production strategies. Application of blogging will help the forms of media to persuade the audience to access information. All media companies and institutions will have to start a marketing strategy that will help in reaching a big audience. A global media policy m ust be established to protect media companies from hackers and a mode in which the companies will make a profit. Print media will have to make their products available online for easy access and selling. Bookstores will be having very few books on the shelves. The customer request for a book and it is printed and bind at that moment. However, it will be important to avail all books and other print resources in the internet, to ensure that there is easy access by the customers. Therefore, all publishing companies will have to provide all of their books online. Electronic books will be the best selling and maximize profits of the author and the publishing companies. Another strategy of availing the books to the readers is through the creation of audio books. Many people have a problem reading a book online because of different commitments, but they can listen to audio books while

Eastern Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Eastern Religion - Essay Example The reason why these rules are so important is that they have both literal usefulness in preserving the health of believers and symbolic usefulness such as forging unity between them in a potentially hostile world. A recent review of the effects of religiously motivated food habits on health concluded that â€Å"dietary restrictions, with the exception of strict vegetarianism (vegan diet) of most of the religions might be substantially effective in preventing, treating or controlling a disease† (Sarri et al., 2006, p. 18). Clearly there is a good medical reason to avoid some meat and dairy products in hot countries, where these foods harbour disease. Interestingly, the same article points out that there are also psychological and social benefits in participating in these rituals, which supports the idea that it is not just avoidance of foods that is beneficial, but the way a whole religious community sets itself apart and binds itself together through its food-related rituals. The very complex laws in Judaism have also another purpose, namely to show obedience to God, and to ingrain self-control (Kashrut article). The same is true of the strict rules of Ramadan for Muslims. Clearly there are physical, moral and social reasons why food prohibitions are practised in all major world religions and that is why they are so important. Sarri, Katerina O., Higgins, Siobhan and Kafatos, Anthony G. â€Å"Are Religions â€Å"Healthy?† A Review on Religious Recommendations on Diet and Lifestyle.† Journal of Human Ecology Special Issue 14, (2006), pp. 7-20. Web. [Accessed October 27,